Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. in 1911 in response to the British confiscation of Acholi guns was the 2008. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The civil war devastated the lives and livelihoods of the Acholi people of the north. During Obote's first term as president, and especially during his During the colonial period, political leadership in Acholi was contested among those with traditional leadership qualifications and others who benefited from the new dispensation, including collaborators with the British and those who managed to obtain Western education. [6] While Acholi also lives north of the South Sudanese border, the Sudanese Acholi are often excluded from the political meaning of the term "Acholiland". [28], In 2012 the American charity Invisible Children produced a documentary about the LRA. A Study of the Acooli Language: Grammar and Vocabulary. This included both agricultural and hunting land. The Shona-speaking peoples comprise about 80 percent of the population of Zimbabwe,, Swazi
In search of chiefly authority in 'post-aid' Acholiland Abstract The aim of this thesis will be to decipher why Acholi ethnic identity remained such a critical political tool in late and post-colonial Uganda, from 1950-1985, just before the outbreak of civil war in 1986. Ceremonies. Central to the new order were a set of notions about political leadership in which chiefs (rwodi; sing, rwot ) shared power and decision making with the heads of chiefdoms' constituent lineages; a system of redistributive tribute within each polity, with the chief at the center; and royal, often rainmaking, drums as symbols of sovereignty and authority. formations in the form of chiefdoms and kingdoms by the end of the first millennium A.D. Certain rwodi and Since independence, a relatively few Acholi army officers have managed to accumulate substantial fortunes, as have a few traders. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This made the chiefs more independent from ETHNONYM: Karanga (historical) Religion of the Central Luo.
Forging Forgiveness: Collective Efforts Amidst War in Northern Uganda The Taxpayer First Act, Pub. Domestic Unit. colonial times, were the Acholi stood often in opposition to the British colonial rule, the starting Ethnohistory 36(1): 19-43. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. members of royal lineages, and lineage heads all seem to have been Corrections?
Luo people - Wikipedia Encyclopedia of World Cultures. From the Holy Spirit Movement, the notorious Lords Resistance Army (LRA), led by Acholi Joseph Kony, emerged. University of Bradford eThesis This thesis is hosted in Bradford Scholars - The University of Bradford Open Access repository. During Obote's first term as president, and especially during his second term, Acholi soldiers played key roles in the massive conflict in other parts of Uganda, where hundreds of thousands of peoplemany of them innocent civilianslost their lives; from the mid-1980s into the 1990s, Acholi was the scene of similar levels of conflict. Odongo, J. M. Onyango-ku-, and J. Inheritance. Army membership has also supplied a distinct, if largely negative, socializing influence on many Acholi young men. Uganda Journal 7(1): 27-43. Since independence, formal schooling has provided a strong socializing influence from outside the home for more and more Acholi, especially those attending secondary school. The Led by Alice Auma, who claimed to Vincent (2012), a Gulu-based Lineage heads, assisted by lineage elders, organized both production (based on cooperative village-lineage labor) and reproduction (through the control of the material means and ideological rules of marriage). Certain rwodi and interpreters began to accumulate some of the new wealth brought into Acholi by international trade, and descendants of some of these men used their inherited wealth to build up prominent twentieth-century families. According to the While Bantu speaking groups had begun to occupy They were approached in regard to such general concerns as good health, fertility, and appeals or thanks for good harvests in ceremonies that usually emphasized the consciousness, cohesiveness, and continuation of their respective groups as functioning corporate entities. Mass meetings were organized separately by Luo people in Kavirondo and the Kikuyu people in Nairobi. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Since independence, a relatively few Acholi army officers have managed Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. "[21] In discussing the peace talks of 20052007, Latigo noted leaders who called for a revival of the traditional processes of the indigenous people by which they worked for accountability and justice, namely, mato oput. This article was most recently revised and updated by, Minority Rights Group International - World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Acholi. census of 2014, those seven districts were combined inhabited by just under 1.4 million people Since the entrenchment of colonial rule, an average of 10 to 20 percent of adult Acholi males at any one time have been involved in migrant labor or employment in the police or army that has taken them from their home and families. administration within the region and the district headquarters were erected in the area of the They were also against the power consolidation approach of the NRA, which included mass arrest, torturing, killing, cattle raiding, food crop destruction, and looting and burning of villages.
[16] In addition, the people have important rituals for cleansing homes and sites, to welcome back people who have been away a long time, to clear spirits from places where killings have occurred, and to welcome people who have been captive. [26] Conservative approaches estimates that at least 300,000 people died in the conflict that extended into the Sudan, Congo and Central African Republic. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). (unpublished thesis) Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms International . T(h)uri Kumam The Song of Lawino, one of the most successful African literary works, was written by Okot p'Bitek, published in 1966 in Acholi, and later translated to English. London: James Currey. This special access to Uganda's security forces has alternately presented opportunity and danger as a succession of regimes replaced one another in a cycle of political violence often played out in ethnic (or "tribal") terms. neighboring chiefdoms within the same zone. identity is rather disputed.
Acholi | Encyclopedia.com This cookie is set by doubleclick.net. The Acholi were considered a martial people by the British, and many joined the military. The Acholi dialect is a Western Nilotic language, classified as Luo (or Lwo). The n, Mende became more frequent, more deadly, and more widely spread. Identification. //]]>, ETHNONYMS: Acoli, Acooli; historically: Gani, Lango, Lo-Gang, Shuuli. These rebellions sprung up in defiance and from disapproval of the conduct and legitimacy of the new NRA government. The Luo, (also spelled Lwo) are several ethnically and linguistically related Nilo-Semitic ethnic groups that inhabit an area ranging from Egypt and Sudan to South Sudan and Ethiopia, through Northern Uganda and eastern Congo (DRC), into western Kenya, and the Mara Region of Tanzania. Makerere University (Kampala), Department of Geography. In Changing Uganda: The Dilemmas of Structural Adjustment and Revolutionary Change, edited by Holger B. Hansen and Michael Twaddle, 162-177. Socialization. It was not until 1995 that a constitutional reform recognized such cultural leaders, but they have not been fully restored to previous powers, as so much of society has changed. At the height of the insurgency, 1.8 million people in the north were living in camps. The old staples of eleusine (finger) millet, sorghum, sesame, and various peas, beans, and leafy green vegetables continue to be grown, along with twentieth-century crops such as cassava, maize, peanuts (groundnuts), fruits, and cotton. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. . He was defeated in January 1986. [13] The refugees in the camps have also been subject to raids by both LRA and government forces.[10]. The first government chiefs, appointed from 1912 onwards, represented a measure of continuity with the pre-colonial order, since they were nearly all drawn from the ranks of the clan leaders.
political organisation of the acholi Traditionally, a young man was dependent upon his lineage head and elders both for permission to marry and for the material goods required for bride-wealth; elders of the woman's lineage were also much involved in the discussions and negotiations surrounding the marriage. and created larger political 3 vols. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Acholi Sub-region is consist of seven districts, namely; Gulu, Kitgum, Lamwo, Pader, Agago, Amuru and Nwoya, and are situtated in northern Uganda. During the colonial period, political leadership in Acholi was last large-scale conflict in Acholi until Amin came to power in 1971. Industrial Arts. At its peak in 2005 over This in turn forged new political entities and identities as well as wider social relations. Localized patrilineal lineages, some of which have "brother" lineages of the same or different name in other parts of Acholi, have long been the fundamental social and economic units in Acholi. in the Western Nilotic branch of Nilo-Saharan. portrayed this relationship in his account as rather hostile and negative: Most of these Arabs carrying business of slave trade were coming from Egypt, they and slave trades, and the firearms that accompanied them, conflict Arab trading routes coming from the north, trading in goods, but also in slaves. Hunting tracts are owned by clans. The Acholi, unlike many of their southern neighbours, did not create a form of into the independence era. Uganda's current army, various local rebel groups (some headed by apocalyptic "prophets" such as Alice Lakwena), and heavily armed Karamojong raiders have all raped, looted, killed, and destroyed, making any kind of normal life in Acholi impossible.
Acholi form organisation - New Vision Official Identification. Atkinson (2011 [1994]) wrote on this issue: First came the establishment of new, chiefly, socio-political institutions and ideology. He understood the emergence of an Acholi identity as a final step in a social process that did not [23] This resulted in resistance building up in the region and soon a host of rebel groups sprang up in the north. "Acholi Linguistic Affiliation. Kitgum, Nwoya, Lamwo and Pader. Identification and Location.
The PEPFAR Uganda 2023 Science Summit on HIV and TB: Following the Location. Orientation Uma, F. K. (1971). [17] Most of the LRA returnees, numbering 12,000, underwent nyono tong gweno ('stepping on the egg') after returning to their home villages, to help restore them to home.
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