The outbreak of the First World War in August1914 terminated the German excavations. Create a free profile to get unlimited access to exclusive videos, sweepstakes, and more! "Wonder Woman" (2017) Director: Patty Jenkins Domestic gross: $412.6 million, Director: Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck Domestic gross: $426.8 million, Directors: Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee Domestic gross: $477.4 million. Before they can put their plan into action, Amarna is informed that she has graduated early. Lush, anachronism-laden science fantasy. Paradise Hills is a 2019 Spanish science fantasy thriller film directed by Alice Waddington in her feature directorial debut. Near its contrived conclusion, Paradise Hills strives to allude to class issues via an allegory that implies upward mobility can only attained by compromising ones own identity. However, due to the unique circumstances of its creation and abandonment, it is questionable how representative of ancient Egyptian cities it actually is. In an undetermined future, society has divided into two sub-types: upper-class or "Uppers", and the rest of the world, mid- and lower-class, named "Lowers". Paradise hills uma and amarna part 1 - YouTube Its costumes would fit seamlessly into a Final Fantasy game, and the institutes frilly, colorful gardens and parlors feel like a dark take on cybertwee. Uma, having secured her revenge, flees into the night to begin a new life. Uma soon suspects a hidden purpose behind all the facility's luxuries. Starring : Emma Roberts, Danielle Macdonald, Awkwafina, Jeremy Irvine, Arnaud Valois . Terms of Service apply. Oh, Loosey! Despite writing credits split between Waddington, Brian DeLeeuw and Nacho Vigalondo, the script is unrefined and simplistic. Will Ke Huy Quan Continue His Winning Streak at the Independent Spirit Awards? Their nightwear is somewhere between vintage lingerie and the costuming of a Victorian doll. The futuristic music by Lucas Vidal fits fine, but I hope hes not the man behind the songs sung by Roberts, Jovovich and Gonzlez because those were dreadful moments. [15], To the south of the city was the area now referred to as the Southern Suburbs. Welcome to Cheat Sheet, our brief breakdown-style reviews of festival films, VR previews, and other special event releases. It was a key reason Gonzlez wanted to make the movie. It looks like Uma is going to be her next victim, but her substitute Ana saves her and confuses the Duchess long enough for Uma to fatally stab her. But its creepy premise and unique imagery make it light, clever, and engaging. Paradise Hills ends with a couple of revelations that leave the rest of the plot harder to understand, even if youve partially anticipated whats going on. [13] It was released in Spain on 11 October 2019, by Alfa Pictures. Pharaohs of the Sun: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, Tutankhamun. The girls aren't being trained, they're being studied and observed in order to turn other girls into perfect copies of them. Amarna's journey exemplifies the core themes of Paradise Hills: how the smothering expectations put upon young women by a patriarchal society, as well as the entertainment industry, force us into an unwinnable game that saps us of our true selves. It turns out that this strange spa-slash-finishing-school is the go-to location for privileged girls to be taught how to be "proper ladies" by the glamorous but quietly insidious Duchess (Milla Jovovich). Paradise Hills is a 2019 Spanish science fantasy thriller film[4] directed by Alice Waddington in her feature directorial debut. SIGN UP FOR OUR FREE DAILY NEWSLETTER, FIRST TAKE, Nancy Meyers to Receive Hall of Fame Honor from Final Draft, Elizabeth Banks Will Return as Director for Pitch Perfect 3, Twilight Author Re-Releases Vampire Novel With Gender Swapped Edward and Bella, Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked Trailer: Rodents Go Gaga (Video), Chris Farley as Shrek': Watch Footage of Comedy Icon Voicing the Ogre Before Mike Myers (Video). How Tyrel Jackson Williams Brought TikTok Cringe to, Its sort of a newer version of the L.A. actor ride that Kyle is on the first two seasons, but its worse.. The map was in her sparrow hair-clip she left her as a gift. The first thing viewers notice about Paradise Hills will undoubtedly be its stunning aesthetics. Paradise Hills (Film) - TV Tropes Young women must band together to escape from a seemingly idyllic island that holds a sinister secret. But the explanation given for how the island works is one that deliberately, almost perversely pits its characters struggles against a context of global poverty and the fallout from war, making the films continuing insistence on the primacy of the individual drama of its main character feel almost parodic. While the worship of Aten was later referred to as the Amarna heresy and suppressed, this art had a more lasting legacy. [24], Away from the city Akhenaten's Royal necropolis was started in a narrow valley to the east of the city, hidden in the cliffs. Its conceit doesnt leave much room for nuance, with characters who are thinly developed and played with varying levels of melodrama. [8] Filming took place in the Spanish municipality of Gldar, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands. In the English lines, it is consistently referred to as the "City of the Horizon". So Ana will get to live among the 'upper' society as the new-and-improved Uma, while Uma gets to be free from her family for good. Also participating in this program is Amarna, a beloved pop star who wants control over her own life against the desires of her management. Uma wants to marry Markus (Jeremy Irvine), but her mother forbids it as Markus is a 'lower' and she wants Uma to marry an 'upper' like their family. The earliest dated stele from Akhenaten's new city is known to be Boundary steleK which is dated to Year5, IVPeret (or month8), day13 of Akhenaten's reign. Amarna reveals that the residents are being drugged by the milk they're given so that they sleep through the night. Within the book there are images that display art, architecture, and the city as it was (reconstructed) and now. On an isolated island, Uma (Emma Roberts) wakes up to find herself at Paradise Hills, a facility where high-class families send their daughters to become perfect versions of themselves. Uma discovers that Markus was actually lying and is working with Paradise Hills. Rated TV14 94 minutes. This may sound evasive or cynical, but the film's ambiguity is far more activating. This work was published in 2volumes by the EES. It was so weird, you know, I became a woman while working! Really, that just goes to show how incredibly the talented set designers, costumes, make-up, hair everyone, it was just such a group effort.". paradise hills what happened to amarnaribambelle cp exercicesribambelle cp exercices #ParadiseHills AboutPressCopyrightContact. Paradise Hills is a 2019 fantasy sci-fi thriller directed by Alice Waddington. The ancient Egyptian name was Akhetaten. Sometimes, the Sundance Film Festival is where youll see the films that will help define the coming year in entertainment. Paradise Hills | Film Threat Granted, the sets and costumes complicate that statement a little because this nightmarish vision of femininity is also gorgeous and alluring. Peet, SirLeonard Woolley, Henri Frankfort, Stephen Glanville,[34] and John Pendlebury. Paradise Hills | Uma and Amarna Talk - YouTube Located on the east bank of the Nile, the ruins of the city are laid out roughly north to south along a "Royal Road", now referred to as "Sikhet es-Sultan". Although frequently amounting to little more than a sondage, Petrie's excavations revealed additional cuneiform tablets, the remains of several glass factories, and a great quantity of discarded faience, glass, and ceramic in sifting the palace rubbish heaps (including Mycenaean sherds). In her feature debut, director Alice Waddington shows young women breaking free of societys candy-colored prison. After a treatment during which Uma is forced to watch old news reports of her father's suicide, Uma reacts badly and is drugged and put into solitary confinement. Elizabeth Peters was a school trained archaeologist, but was persuaded by her male colleagues that a woman was not to be an archaeologist, so "she created characters based on those misogynistic Egyptologists"[38] as stated by Sarah Parcak, a female archaeologist that specializes in remote sensing. Its bizarre and often delightful. Beyond Paradise EXCLUSIVE: DI Humphrey Goodman gets back on the job in Paradise Hills is a dazzling new sci-fi fantasy film from writer-director Alice Waddington that is a bit hard to describe yet surprisingly simple. Filming Timeline 2019 - September: The film was set to Completed status. It really makes a huge difference, especially when you're taking on subjects like this, something that really only women can relate to: the amount of pressure we get over our bodies and looks; who we're gonna marry; who we're gonna be. Narratively, Waddington describes the film as a feminist homage to stories like Lord of the Rings and Enders Game, centered on a group of young female protagonists and underpinned with some straightforward gender and class commentary. Paradise Hills captures a futuristic fantasy aesthetic that feels familiar in video games, but fresh in movies. It is about 58km (36mi) south of the city of al-Minya, 312km (194mi) south of the Egyptian capital, Cairo, and 402km (250mi) north of Luxor (site of the previous capital, Thebes). Shes sad! Now that Meredith is gone, it is business as usual at Grey Sloan Memorial. The results were ultimately published in Denkmler aus gypten und thiopien between 1849 and 1913, including an improved map of the city. The setting can be a futuristic world or in space, the villains perhaps benevolent machines went bad or a society that has turned technology against itself. Its characters are apparently in their mid-20s, but theyre treated like children, forced into identical white frocks and sent to mandatory salon sessions, tea parties, and yoga classes. Learning that she will be sent home the next day, Uma decides to leave and convinces Chloe and Yu to run away with her in the night. The movie follows Uma (Emma Roberts), a teen girl sent away to an idyllic school on an isolated island, managed by the mysterious Duchess (Milla Jovovich), where young, rebellious women are shaped into proper ladies. Much of what is known about Amarna's founding is due to the preservation of a series of official boundary stelae (13 are known) ringing the perimeter of the city. "[18] Louisa Moore, writing for Screen Zealots, similarly stated, "Sometimes a film [] is so well made and has something so interesting to say that it would be a crime not to applaud the effort.". Paradise Hills is a 2019 fantasy sci-fi thriller directed by Alice Waddington. That was something I never had that I wanted to bring to this character that I saw in other musicians growing up.". paradise hills what happened to amarna - Huntingpestservices.com [Spoilers] Questions about ending and Amarna : ParadiseHills - reddit As Uma comes to in her new holding cell, she is greeted by the chipper Duchess (Milla Jovovich) via intercom. The name that the ancient Egyptians used for the . Paradise Hills - Movies on Google Play They fight the doctors and as Uma and Chloe escape with an injured Yu, finding a control room that lists all of their characteristics. Strictly's Karen Hauer teases future judging role, Creed 3 star talks building intimacy with co-star, EastEnders reveals big twist in Eve and Suki story, Emmerdale star shares future of Paddy's dark story, Sims 4 Growing Together 28% off in pre-order deal, Netflix teams up with Kristen Bell for new series, New on Netflix this week: TV shows to binge now, Sex/Life finale confirms Brad and Billie's future, Outer Banks season 4 everything you need to know, New on Netflix this week: Movies you can watch NOW, Freeridge season 2: Everything you need to know. We then cut back to the wedding between Uma and Son we see at the beginning of the movie, but it turns out that it was actually Ana we were seeing. Amarna (/mrn/; Arabic: , romanized:al-amrnah) is an extensive Egyptian archaeological site containing the remains of what was the capital city of the late Eighteenth Dynasty. Alice is a visual director in the sense that she put everything on the page so we could kind of build the world with her. Uma, Chloe and Yu meet a group of bandaged women who look just like them and say they're their "substitutes". This building ran all the way up to the waterfront and was likely the main residence of the Royal Family. 2018 - April: The film was set to Production status. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. For Amarna, not even the power of celebrity can stop her from being controlled by greater forces. And the fact that she cant seem to stay awake after dark. As Gonzlez notes, it was also there on the script level. Blending dreamlike locations found in the real world with a dollop of visual effects, Waddington reaches the desired effect of a universe where technology and fantasy interact. This email will be used to sign into all New York sites. The Prussian expedition led by Richard Lepsius visited the site in 1843 and 1845, and recorded the visible monuments and topography of Amarna in two separate visits over a total of twelve days, using drawings and paper squeezes. The world-building, courtesy of Waddington and co-writers Nacho Vigalondo (the mind behind the splendid Colossal) and Brian DeLeeuw, overflows with concepts and intricate attributes, which range in levels of efficacy but are always tantalizing to the eye: a memory locket with a hologram of a cherished moment, exposure to persuasive videos while riding a carousel horse, and mirror therapy to compel introspection. Everything about Paradise Hills is unabashedly female-driven. Characters explain what theyre doing, instead of just doing it. It was His son Wa'enr [i.e. "Frozen" (2013) Directors: Jennifer Lee and Chris Buck Domestic gross: $400.7 million, Also Read: Frozen Sequel Officially in the Works, 3. Sign up for Verge Deals to get deals on products we've tested sent to your inbox daily. Be the first to contribute. Exploration of the city continues to the present, currently under the direction of Barry Kemp (Emeritus Professor in Egyptology, University of Cambridge, England) (until 2006, under the auspices of the Egypt Exploration Society and now with the .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Amarna Project".). Yu dies and Chloe and Uma are forced to move on without her, but before they go, Uma leaves behind her memory locket of her father for her replacement and tells her that in order to fully embody Uma, she must hate Son, the man responsible for her father's death. Its elegant staging and the daily sessions of make-up, hairdressing, etiquette, and therapy are not working on any of her classmates either. 11. "Now, I think it's beautiful how we've turned into such a different world for teen girls, with, you know, transgender women being so open and part of the conversation and homosexuality being something that is so normalized now. She also wrote this script and was part of the creative journey. Uma convinces Chloe and Yu not to drink the milk and they escape with her that night, but before they can leave, Yu is taken away for her final "session" before she is "completed", and they follow her to see doctors operating on her. The area of the city was effectively a virgin site, and it was this city that Akhetaten described as the Aten's "seat of the First Occasion, which he had made for himself that he might rest in it". Amarna is correct, of course, and the secrets of Paradise Hills are even weirder than the average viewer might expect. Or that it was actually a reverse of what Uma thought was happening and she was actually the rich pop star and Amarna was her poor lover and she was being brainwashed into thinking she was in love with a lower class boy because that would look good for the music label. He said his surgery was a success, but he needs time to heal before he can tour again. Uma becomes friends with her roommates Chloe and Yu, as well as befriending Amarna, a well-known singer sent to Paradise after clashing with her management company. In November 2017, Emma Roberts and Danielle Macdonald joined the cast of the film, with Alice Waddington directing from a screenplay by Nacho Vigalondo and Brian DeLeeuw, with Adrin Guerra and Nria Valls producing under their Nostromo Pictures banner. Imagine a bondage-style Disney princess world where femininity is literally fetishized and you're halfway there. The two disgraced men have both been sentenced for sex crimes. Heaven was joyful, the earth was glad every heart was filled with delight when they beheld him. Paradise Hills is disturbing but rarely violent, and although theres implicit sexual coercion in Uma being sent to a reform school until shes willing to marry, its muted. It's something Gonzlez understood only too well. And in the end, whats important is that women of different races, sexual preferences, body types, and backgrounds can come together in agreement that the most straight, thin, white, and conventionally beautiful of their number is the one who should survive and go on to freedom. Photo courtesy of Manolo Pavn. The most important buildings were faced with local stone. Uma and Ana escape in a rowing boat as the facility is destroyed, and Ana explains how she came to work for Paradise Hills: "I tried to take care of my two little brothers, but 16 hours a day working in a factory, it wasn't enough. 151153, personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The Official Website of the Amarna Project", "Tell Amarna in the general framework of the Halaf period", "Akhenaten's Workers: The Amarna Stone Village Survey, 20052009 (Book Review)", "The Robert Hay Drawings in the British Library", "Wallis Budge describes the discovery of the Amarna tablets", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amarna&oldid=1139328341, Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC, Populated places disestablished in the 2nd millennium BC, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with style issues from July 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The best musical instrument is a love triangle. With two women in the Oscar race for Best Director, are female directors finally getting their due? It's a disheartening rarity, even today, to see a genre film like this that's directed by a woman, starring a majority female cast, and focused on the narratives of young women. [] Princesses don't need a knight to escape their prisons; they can blow them up themselves"[20]. The Painted Queen takes place in the 1912, several years after the actual excavations at Amarna, when excavations in Egypt are solely European, local hires, or looters. The strange world girls and young women find themselves is ripe for exploring through sci-fi. The renewed investigations were focused on religious and royal structures. Anna is thus free from blame as she was downstairs among many witnesses when the murder occurred. Death In Paradise's spin-off series kicked off last week with it's first episode on BBC1. Amarna parts from Uma with a kiss. Uma then sees the Duchess feeding on Chloe's body, revealing herself to be basically a vampire who feeds on the residents of Paradise Hills to revive herself. He excavated primarily in the Central City, investigating the Great Temple of the Aten, the Great Official Palace, the King's House, the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh, and several private houses. Paradise Hills - Rotten Tomatoes A jealous Amarna tells Uma to be careful and reveals that she has her own secret plan to escape as her fans have smuggled her a rowboat she and Uma can use to leave. Paradise Hills wants so badly to be a sci-fi movie with a message for right nowperhaps to tap into the feminist anger out there now or to cash in on the interest in women filmmakersbut it feels like a rushed draft. [] One of the biggest reasons why I wanted to be part of this film is because it was us working with a group of very intuitive women, from the cast to the people behind it, women who follow their gut when it comes to their art. Akhenaten] who founded it for Him as His monument when His Father commanded him to make it. [15][16], It holds a 67% rating and an average score of 6.3/10 on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes based on 70 reviews. The site is on the east bank of the Nile River, in what today is the Egyptian province of Minya. I've just finished it and there was one point in the movie confused me when it happened and still confused me, it switches from the 2 girls talking about how the last time they said I loved her, and I wish she meant it, she got pulled under the waves, and then the lady finishes by saying good uma, I didn't understand that at all and still don't, did I miss somthing what were they talking . After Dax Shepard asked her about her musical chairs relationship situation. "This man came to our town and offered me this job, if you can call it a job. Uma (Emma Roberts) befriends one of the other women, a so-called difficult pop star named Amarna (Eiza Gonzlez), and joins two roommates, a Southern belle named Chloe (Danielle Macdonald), whose parents want her to be skinny, and the music-obsessed Yu (Awkwafina), who needs to control her anxiety if she wishes to go home to her aunt and uncle. Like the similarly style-obsessed film version of The Hunger Games, Paradise Hills condemns a decadent, shallow aristocracy through a protagonist whos forced to get amazing makeovers and attend swanky parties. Activity in the region flourished from the Amarna Period until the later Roman era.[4]. Construction started in or around Year 5 of his reign (1346 BC) and was probably completed by Year 9 (1341 BC), although it became the capital city two years earlier. Can Anyone Predict Whos Going to Win Best Supporting Actress? The self-explanatory terms lowers and uppers are used to discuss the abysmal divide. Uma ( Emma Roberts) befriends one of the other women, a so-called difficult pop star named Amarna ( Eiza Gonzlez ), and joins two roommates, a Southern belle named Chloe ( Danielle Macdonald ), whose parents want her to be skinny, and the music-obsessed Yu (Awkwafina), who needs to control her anxiety if she wishes to go home to her aunt and Loves Raymond star Sawyer Sweeten, everyone in his life - and the fans who watched him grow up - are wondering what happened.. So many examples of Bes, the grotesque dwarf figure who warded off evil spirits, have been found, as well as of the goddess-monster, Taweret, part crocodile, part hippopotamus, who was associated with childbirth. This is a world that simultaneously caters to the female gaze while reinforcing a stranglehold of misogynistic power over the women who inhabit it. Weve got romance, breakups, emotionally loaded dumplings this episode has a little bit of everything! In the early years of the 20thcentury (1907 to 1914) the Deutsche Orientgesellschaft expedition, led by Ludwig Borchardt, excavated extensively throughout the North and South suburbs of the city. An opulent ballroom worthy of a fairytale (in line with Disney's live-action "Cinderella") hosts a wedding for upper-class royalty Uma (Emma Roberts) and Son (Arnaud Valois, "B.P.M.") in . It contained the estates of many of the city's powerful nobles, including Nakhtpaaten (Chief Minister), Ranefer, Panehesy (High Priest of the Aten), and Ramose (Master of Horses). Uma makes a failed bid for escape, but she soon realizes that Paradise Hills seems like more of a spa resort than a prison except for the holographic carousel ride that plays video of Umas suitor. To speed up construction of the city most of the buildings were constructed out of mudbrick, and white washed. 2023 Vox Media, LLC. During his career, the prolific actor inhabited an array of troubled characters. From 2005 to 2013, the Amarna Project excavated at a cemetery of private individuals, close to the southern tombs of the Nobles.[36]. But any of the more incendiary implications of this idea are ignored the women come across instead as recalcitrant teens upset about being made to, say, dye their hair back to its natural color. Where she watches the life drained out of her. What is the streaming release date of Paradise Hills (2019) in Australia? "I got my period while I was working! Just watched it on Netflix and was confused on what happened to Amarna and the ending. Paradise Hills | Apple TV Paradise Hills is set in a world of hyper-stratified class divisions, flying Art Deco cars, hologram jewelry, and fashion that blends gauzy Victorian ruffles with neon hair and makeup. Paradise Hills creators may not classify their work as young adult fiction, but their story has some of the same strengths and weaknesses as other YA dystopias, including The Hunger Games. Uma is waiting for Son and after pretending to be the improved version, she kills Son and leaves it for Ana to 'discover' the body, after she sees that Uma has safely made her escape. You could argue that the juvenile point of view is intentional, that Paradise Hills, which doesnt exactly have aspirations of being hard sci-fi, is meant more than anything to evoke the feelings of adolescence against an outsized backdrop, like a big-screen equivalent to a CW sensibility. Uma and her substitute Anna, work in tandem to assassinate Son, with Uma seducing and killing him in their wedding bed, and then Anna, having been at the party all along, goes upstairs and screams to fake that she has just found the body, while Uma escapes. 13461332 BC capital of Ancient Egypt under Akhenaten, Kemp, Barry, The City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti: Amarna and its People, Thames and Hudson, 2012, pp. Then the film cuts to two months before to show what happened. "It was a little bit of a love letter to my younger self," she explained. These included informal scenes, such as intimate portrayals of affection within the royal family or playing with their children, and no longer portrayed women as lighter coloured than men. Whats Next for Convicted Sex Criminals Harvey Weinstein and R. Kelly? The editing by Guillermo de la Cal provides little relief, as a number of the cuts linger on for a second or more too late, neutralizing any sense of rhythm between exposition and action. With its dark premise and some brief smoking, the film probably merits a PG-13. It's a race against the clock as Uma and her friends try to escape Paradise Hills before it consumes . The sci-fi, starring Emma Roberts, Awkwafina and Milla Jovovich, premiered at Sundance in 2019 and received a limited release later in the year in the US, but its Netflix debut brings the movie to UK audiences for the first time. That was something that was very special to me just because I've felt like I learned so much through the process and grew as an artist working with these women.". 'Paradise Hills' Film Review: Emma Roberts Flourishes in - TheWrap
Division 2 Best Assault Rifle Talents 2020, How Much House Can I Afford With 40k Salary, International Shipping Cost Calculator, Articles P